影響煙氣脫硫工藝技術(shù)路線選擇的主要因素
Main factors affecting the selection of flue gas desulfurization process route
煙氣脫硫工藝技術(shù)路線選擇涉及技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、總量減排、法律法規(guī)等多方面因素,應(yīng)參考以下幾個方面:
The selection of flue gas desulfurization process involves many factors such as technology, economy, total emission reduction, laws and regulations, etc. the following aspects should be referred to:
(1)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。滿足排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是基本要求。不論是已修訂實(shí)施的火電廠排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),還是新修訂發(fā)布的鋼鐵燒結(jié)球團(tuán)工業(yè)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),都是國家強(qiáng)制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn),煙氣脫硫工藝滿足達(dá)標(biāo)排放的要求。
(1) Emission standard requirements. Meeting emission standards is the basic requirement. Both the revised and implemented emission standards for thermal power plants and the newly revised and issued industrial emission standards for iron and steel sintering pellets are national mandatory standards, and the flue gas desulfurization process meets the emission requirements.
(2)技術(shù)政策要求。滿足國家相關(guān)煙氣脫硫技術(shù)政策、工程技術(shù)規(guī)范等要求,是脫硫設(shè)施、穩(wěn)定、運(yùn)行的重要保證。
(2) Technical policy requirements. Meeting the requirements of relevant national flue gas desulfurization technical policies and engineering technical specifications is an important guarantee for the, stability and operation of desulfurization facilities.
(3)總量控制和按排污量收費(fèi)要求。我國目前對二氧化硫?qū)嵤┛偭靠刂?這要求脫硫設(shè)施有更高的脫硫效率。我國的排污收費(fèi)原則是排污即收費(fèi),《排污費(fèi)征收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管理辦法》規(guī)定每排放一污染當(dāng)量的二氧化硫征收0.6元。
(3) Total amount control and charging according to pollutant discharge. At present, China implements total amount control of sulfur dioxide, which requires desulfurization facilities to have higher desulfurization efficiency. China's sewage charging principle is that sewage is charged. The administrative measures for the collection standards of sewage charges stipulates that 0.6 yuan will be charged for each emission of sulfur dioxide equivalent to pollution.
(4)可靠性要求。國家環(huán)保部環(huán)辦[2010]91號文明確要求火電企業(yè)鉛封或取消煙氣旁路,以提高脫硫設(shè)施的利用率。這對脫硫裝置的運(yùn)行可靠性提出了更高要求。沒有大型工程化的業(yè)績、沒有連續(xù)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行可靠數(shù)據(jù)的脫硫工藝也難以得到市場認(rèn)可。
(4) Reliability requirements. The Ministry of environmental protection of the people's Republic of China [2010] No. 91 civilization clearly requires thermal power enterprises to seal or cancel flue gas bypass to improve the utilization rate of desulfurization facilities. This puts forward higher requirements for the operation reliability of desulfurization unit. The desulfurization process without large-scale engineering performance and reliable data of continuous and stable operation is also difficult to be recognized by the market.
(5)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)要求。發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)將是我國今后長期的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之路。脫硫工藝的選擇應(yīng)在去除二氧化硫的同時,盡量避免或減少產(chǎn)生二次污染,實(shí)現(xiàn)副產(chǎn)物資源化和綜合利用將是對脫硫工藝的更高要求和技術(shù)發(fā)展方向。大量產(chǎn)生固廢的脫硫工藝不符合循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)的要求,將在一定程度上受到制約。
(5) Requirements of circular economy. Developing circular economy will be the long-term road of economic development in China in the future. The selection of desulfurization process should not only remove sulfur dioxide, but also avoid or reduce secondary pollution as far as possible. Realizing the resource utilization and comprehensive utilization of by-products will be the higher requirements and technical development direction of desulfurization process. The desulfurization process that produces a large amount of solid waste does not meet the requirements of circular economy and will be restricted to a certain extent.
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