沼氣不經(jīng)過(guò)脫硫時(shí)，當(dāng)打開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)時(shí)，硫化氫氣體對(duì)人呼吸道有刺激性，長(zhǎng)期受此刺激，可能引起呼吸道粘膜炎。硫化氫對(duì)沼氣爐具及其配件和家用電器（含金屬）有腐蝕作用，容易損壞。

　　When biogas is not desulfurized, hydrogen sulfide gas can be irritating to the human respiratory tract when the switch is turned on. Prolonged exposure to this stimulation may cause respiratory mucositis. Hydrogen sulfide has a corrosive effect on biogas stoves and their accessories, as well as household appliances (including metals), and is prone to damage.

　　發(fā)生H2S中毒的特點(diǎn)：H2S最大的危害是意外接觸造成突然死亡。不能根據(jù)臭雞蛋味來(lái)判斷作業(yè)場(chǎng)所的是否存在H2S和H濃度。

　　Characteristics of H2S poisoning: The greatest harm of H2S is sudden death caused by accidental contact. It is not possible to determine the presence of H2S and H concentration in the workplace based on the smell of rotten eggs.

　　發(fā)病機(jī)制：血中高濃度H2S可直接刺激頸動(dòng)脈竇和主動(dòng)脈區(qū)的化學(xué)感受器，導(dǎo)致反射性呼吸抑制。H2S可直接作用于腦，低濃度起興奮作用，高濃度起抑制作用，引起昏迷、呼吸中樞和血管運(yùn)動(dòng)中樞麻痹。因HS是細(xì)胞色素氧化酶的強(qiáng)抑制劑能與線粒體內(nèi)膜呼吸鏈中的氧化型細(xì)胞色素氧化酶中的三價(jià)鐵離子結(jié)合，而抑制電子傳遞和氧的利用，引起細(xì)胞內(nèi)缺氧，造成細(xì)胞內(nèi)窒息。因腦組織對(duì)缺氧最敏感，故最易受損以上兩種作用發(fā)生快，均可引起呼吸驟停，造成突然死亡。在發(fā)病初如能及時(shí)停止接觸，則可因H在體內(nèi)很快氧化失活而迅速和完全恢復(fù)。

　　Pathogenesis: High concentrations of H2S in the blood can directly stimulate chemoreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic region, leading to reflexive respiratory depression. H2S can directly act on the brain, with low concentrations having excitatory effects and high concentrations having inhibitory effects, causing coma, paralysis of the respiratory and vascular motor centers. HS is a strong inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase that can bind to trivalent iron ions in the oxidative cytochrome oxidase in the mitochondrial inner membrane respiratory chain, inhibiting electron transfer and oxygen utilization, causing intracellular hypoxia and suffocation. Due to its sensitivity to hypoxia, brain tissue is most susceptible to damage. Both of these effects occur quickly and can cause respiratory arrest, leading to sudden death. If contact can be stopped in a timely manner at the beginning of the disease, it can be quickly and completely restored due to the rapid oxidation and inactivation of H in the body.

　　硫化氫的特性及不同濃度下的癥狀?

　　What are the characteristics of hydrogen sulfide and the symptoms at different concentrations?

　　濃度為1ppm~10ppm時(shí)，允許暴露8小時(shí)；濃度為20pm時(shí)，必須戴適當(dāng)?shù)姆雷o(hù)器具；濃度為50~70ppm時(shí)，刺激呼吸道；濃度為100ppm時(shí)，2-15分鐘內(nèi)喪失嗅覺(jué)，可能引起喉嚨灼痛、頭痛和惡心濃度為200pm時(shí)，嗅覺(jué)很快喪失，眼、喉嚨灼痛；濃度為1000m以上時(shí)，立即引起昏迷，除非立即搶救，否則就會(huì)死亡。

　　When the concentration is 1ppm~10ppm, exposure for 8 hours is allowed; When the concentration is 20pm, appropriate protective equipment must be worn; When the concentration is 50-70ppm, it irritates the respiratory tract; When the concentration is 100ppm, the sense of smell is lost within 2-15 minutes, which may cause burning sensation in the throat, headache, and nausea. When the concentration is 200pm, the sense of smell is quickly lost, and there is burning sensation in the eyes and throat; When the concentration is above 1000m, it immediately causes coma, and unless rescued immediately, death will occur.

　　H2S中毒的早期護(hù)理注意事項(xiàng)：

　　Early nursing precautions for H2S poisoning:

　　1.在中毒者心跳停止之前，轉(zhuǎn)移到空氣新鱒的地方直至恢復(fù)正常呼吸。

　　1. Before the poisoned person's heartbeat stops, move to a place with fresh air until normal breathing is restored.

　　2.如果眼睛受到傷害，可用清水清洗，然后作冷敷護(hù)理。

　　If the eyes are injured, they can be washed with clean water and then treated with cold compress.

　　3.血中高濃度H2S可直接刺激頸動(dòng)脈竇和主動(dòng)脈區(qū)的化學(xué)感受器，導(dǎo)致反射性呼吸抑制。

　　3. High concentrations of H2S in the blood can directly stimulate chemoreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic region, leading to reflexive respiratory depression.

　　4.HS可直接作用于腦，低濃度起興奮作用，高濃度起抑制作用，引起昏迷、呼吸中樞和血管運(yùn)動(dòng)中樞麻痹。因Hs是細(xì)胞色素氧化酶的強(qiáng)抑制劑，能與線粒體內(nèi)膜呼吸鏈中的氧化型細(xì)胞色素氧化酶中的三價(jià)鐵離子結(jié)合，而抑制電子傳遞和氧的利用，引起細(xì)胞內(nèi)缺氧，造成細(xì)胞內(nèi)室。因腦組織對(duì)缺氧最敏感，故最易受損。

　　4. HS can directly act on the brain, with low concentrations having excitatory effects and high concentrations having inhibitory effects, causing coma, paralysis of the respiratory and vascular motor centers. As Hs is a strong inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase, it can bind with trivalent iron ions in the oxidative cytochrome oxidase in the mitochondrial inner membrane respiratory chain, inhibiting electron transfer and oxygen utilization, causing intracellular hypoxia and creating an intracellular compartment. Because brain tissue is most sensitive to hypoxia, it is most susceptible to damage.

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